First Aid Action on Shock

What is shock in medical condition? Shock is a serious medical condition in which the body is not getting enough blood flow, So The tissue perfusion became insufficient to meet demand for oxygen and nutrients.

Treatment for shock in first aid condition are can be manage by acronim WARTS (W: Warmth A: ABC's (Airway, Breathing, Circulation or CPR) R: Rest and reassurance T: Treatment (treat the cause of shock) S: Semi-prone position, which is the same thing as recovery position).


First aid treatment of shock includes:
1. Immediately to give comfort position to the victims if they are conscious.
2. If you are alone, call for help. If not, send someone to call for help and have someone stay with the victim.
3. Ensure airway patency and assess breathing. If possible, place victim in the recovery position.
4. Apply direct pressure to the wound if there is any bleeding.
5. Cover him with a blanket or jacket, but not too thick to cause vasodilation.
6. Do not give him a drink; moisten his lips if requested.
7. If you notice the legs are uninjured, elevate them 20–30 cm (Trendelenburg position).
8. Reassure the victim, as they will be very anxious, frightened and possibly nauseated.
9. Prepare for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
10.Once you've cared for the patient's immediate needs, gather a focused history: "What happened?" "Do you have medical problems?" "Do you take any medications?" "Do you have any allergies to medications?" Record this information if possible. The patient may lose consciousness, and this potentially valuable information may be lost.
11.Provide the gathered information to the ambulance personnel when they arrive.

The management of shock requires immediate intervention, even before a diagnosis is made. Re-establishing perfusion to the organs is the primary goal through restoring and maintaining the blood circulating volume ensuring oxygenation and blood pressure are adequate, achieving and maintaining effective cardiac function, and preventing complications

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First Aid on Heart Attack

Heart attacks are among the leading cause of death in the world. A heart attack occurs when one or more of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart become blocked. The heart muscle becomes starved for oxygen and begins to die.

Heart attack symptoms which most often in adults may include:

Chest pain. The most significant sign of a heart attack is chest pain. Usually in the center of chest for a more than a few minutes or comes and goes, but some time pain may be felt in other areas of the upper body, such as the jaw, shoulder, one or both arms, back, and stomach area Pain May feel like pressure, squeezing, fullness.

Shortness of breath. The victim may felt difficult to breath.

Others symptom are cold sweat, nausea, lightheadedness.

What should you do if someone has a heart attack?
If someone has a cardiac arrest or heart attack, there are only a few minutes to act before it is too late. It is vital to know what to do beforehand as your first aid action.
Bellow are some of steps that you should do if you now the victim has a cardiac arrest or heart attack :
1. Comfort & reassure the victim. Have the person sit down, rest, and try to keep calm.
2. Loosen any tight clothing.
3. Ask if the person takes any chest pain medication for a known heart condition.
4. Help the person take the medication (usually nitroglycerin, which is placed under the tongue) to reduce chest pain when heart attack occur.
5. Call emergency medical help quickly if the pain does not go away promptly with rest or within 3 minutes of taking nitroglycerin.
6. If the person is unconscious and unresponsive, call 911 (or your local emergency number), then begin CPR.
7. If an infant or child is unconscious and unresponsive, perform 1 minute of CPR, then call 911.

All of us can reduce the risk of heart attack, Adults should take steps to control heart disease risk factors whenever possible. Controlling high blood pressure, limiting cholesterol in the diet, watching weight, exercising, giving up smoking and minimizing stress.

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